Eclectic

Tag: Celtic Saints (page 1 of 1)

St. Finnian (Patron Saint of the Diocese of Meath)

Saint Finnian was born in Ireland, studied in Wales, but returned to Ireland upon the completion of his studies. During his studies, it is said that he was an outstanding student.

Being a particularly good student, he was excused from chores that other students had to undertake. He was not well liked for this but did not know that. At some point, he was criticized for being lazy. He said he would do his share. The supervisor told him that no oxen were available and that he would need to find some deer to harness. Much to the amazement of everyone, Finnian went to the woods and returned with two harnessed stags (the stags were harnessed and waiting for him by an angel when he went to find deer to harness). Needless to say, he and the stags did more work than all the others, who were suitably impressed and left him to his studies thereafter.
       Upon his return to Ireland, he worked with Saint Brigid. When it was time to leave Brigid’s monastery, she tried to give him a gold ring, which he adamantly refused because he had taken a vow of poverty. She persisted telling him he would need the ring. He still refused. During the journey home he stopped by a stream to refresh himself. When he placed his hands in the stream, Brigid’s gold ring magically appeared on his finger. It turned out that he did indeed need the ring to purchase the freedom of a man who became his right hand man.

St. Finnian established a number of monasteries and is well known for his many good deeds. His monastery was the center of learning for years and years. Many students studied under St. Finnian. He is credited with tutoring the Apostles of Ireland (12 Irish Saints).

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St. Andrew (Patron Saint of Scotland)

St. Andrew is the Patron Saint of Scotland. St. Andrew’s Day is celebrated by Scots around the world on November 30. Interestingly, St. Andrew, one of Jesus’ disciples, was never in Scotland when he was alive. However, portions of his remains were sent to Scotland 300 or so years after his death. There are many versions of how this came to be. One of the most popular is that Emperor Constantine was going to move Saint Andrew’s remains. An angel warned the resident monk this was going to take place and that he should send the remains to the ends of the earth. To a monk in Greece at that time, Scotland filled the bill and St. Andrews remains were shipped to Scotland. Thus, St. Andrew’s remains were brought ashore at St. Andrews where a chapel and later a cathedral were built to house them.

During the reformation, the cathedral was destroyed and the remains lost. A plaque was erected to memorialize the spot. However, in 1879 portions of St. Andrew’s remains were shipped from Italy where some of his bones had been taken. Later, 1969 to be exact, Pope Paul VI gave some further St. Andrew’s relics to the Catholic church in Scotland.

The cross in the Scottish flag below reflects the cross (called a saltire) on which St. Andrew was tortured to death due to his association with Jesus and his success at spreading the Christian gospel. Needless to say, the Scottish flag carries immense, intense symbolism.

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Saint Patrick (Patron Saint of Ireland)

Saint Patrick is the Patron Saint of Ireland. Of course, we all know that due to the celebrations that take place around the world on St. Patrick’s Day.

Interestingly, St. Patrick was not born in Ireland but in England. During his youth, he was abducted from England and forced into slavery in Ireland as a sheepherder. During that time, he developed a deep and profound relationship with God. God eventually led him to a ship, which whisked him away from slavery toward his destiny.                  After entering the priesthood, he was called back to Ireland because he heard strong calls from the Emerald Isle.
       Saint Patrick was responsible for many miracles (producing food as needed, changing forms, etc.). He is also responsible for banishing snakes from Ireland and bringing Christianity to Ireland. One way he accomplished the Christian conversion of Ireland was by relating Christian rituals to Pagan ones. For instance, he explained the trinity by using a shamrock plucked from the soil (Pagans hold the principle of three and natural elements to be of considerable consequence) to explain the trinity.
        After his death in 461, his followers spread Christian religion far and wide as they spread out from the monasteries he established. It is easy to see why he is held in such high regard in Ireland.

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Saint David (Patron Saint of Wales)

Saint David, the Patron Saint of Wales, holds the distinction among other Celtic Saints of being born in the area of which he is the Patron Saint. St. David believed in a simple life and followed his beliefs. For instance, he drank only water, did not eat meat, and shunned personal possessions. He expected his followers to do the same.

Perhaps, the most famous miracle attributed to St. David was causing the ground to rise beneath him when those at the back of the crowd complained he could not be seen. St. David was responsible for establishing churches and settlements throughout Wales. St. David’s Cathedral stands on the site of the monastery he established.

St. David’s symbol is the leek and St. David’s day is celebrated on March 1 the day of his death at 100 around 590 A.D. It is said that his last words to his followers were “Be joyful, and keep your faith and your creed. Do the little things that you have seen me do and heard about. I will walk the path that our fathers have trod before us.” This has been shortened to the popular expression “Do the little things in life.”

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St. Brigid (Patron Saint of Ireland)

St. Brigid is greatly revered in Ireland. Such reverence is not surprising given the stories associated with her life.

The stories associated with her early life illustrate the point pretty well. The story of her birth has several variations (of poor Christian parents, of noble birth, of an illicit relationship). In the illicit relationship version, she is banished by her father’s wife. The father insists on her return. Thus, the mother tries to make Brigid’s life miserable. However, the young Brigid takes it all in stride and whenever she could, she gave whatever she had to the poor. This infuriated her parents so they sent her to live with her mother who was in bondage to a Druid. He also tried to make Brigid’s life miserable and made her work long hours in the dairy. Brigid responded by giving dairy products to the poor. The Druid tried to stop this but noticed he actually had more to sell than he had had before Brigid started giving things to the poor.
           Giving alms to the poor was Brigid’s way of giving to the Almighty. She did this throughout her life. Because Brigid was doing well her parents brought her back home and tried to find her a suitor. She refused. The parents told her that she was so attractive that a man would take her forcibly if didn’t marry. To avoid either option she mutilated her face and kept giving her parents things to the poor so they finally agreed to let her become a nun.
         The story goes on but you get the idea. Brigid had a clear notion of what her mission was very early in life. It was to serve God by assisting the poor, sick, and injured.

She eventually established a monastery getting land for it from the King. The King was not keen on giving her land so she asked him to just give her as much land as her cloak would cover. He readily agreed. When she laid down her cloak, it spread over an enormous area. There are many miracles performed by Brigid but this one persists. People to this day pray for the protection of Brigid’s cloak.

There are at least two versions of the creation of St. Brigid’s Cross (depicted in the accompanying illustration). One version is that she wove it to pass the time while attending to her father on his deathbed. He wanted to know what it was. She explained it represented the cross on which Christ was crucified. Although a pagan, he was so moved he accepted Christianity before he passed away (in another version it is a local Chieftain rather than her father).

As you might expect, Brigid’s cross is held in high regard. For example, it is thought that displaying the cross in one’s home will protect the inhabitants.

There is also some thought that St. Brigid and the three Brigid’s of pagan origin are related. Given the overlap of the roles of the three Brigids and the roles St. Brigid fills, one can see the possibility of these Brigids being interrelated.

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St. Brendan (Patron Saint of sailors/travelers)

St. Brendan, typically called Brendan the Navigator, is one of the most famous of the Irish Saints. His fame comes largely from a journey he made across the Atlantic some 900 years before Columbus (fairly well established by folk lore and some ancient scholarly manuscripts). He was committed to spreading the word of God and undertook this voyage to do just that. Indications are that he landed somewhere in America (referred to as the “Isle of the Blessed” in the legends) and spent seven years there. After returning to Ireland, he established a monastery near the river Shannon. St. Brendan died in the year 577 at the age of 94. As might be expected, he is the patron saint of sailors/travelers.

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